This course describes the fundamentals of recognizing the soil as one of the most important natural resources in agroecology.  Course content focused on Soil as a part of agroecological farming systems; Basis of soil formation; Soil sampling and preparation; Soil physical, chemical, and biological factors affecting soil health; Soil organic matter; Soil health assessment indicators; Soil classification systems; Soil erosion and compaction; Soil acidity, alkalinity, salinity, and sodicity; Soil reclamation; Soil pricing; Preparation of soil health management plan.